Tjahjono, Yudy, Caroline, Caroline, Kuncoro, Foe, Hendy, Wijaya, Dewi, Bernadette Dian Novita, Karnati, Srikanth, Esar, Senny Yesery, Karel, Philipus, Partana, Fransiskus Regis, Hericus, Michelle Angelina, Hadinugroho, Wuryanto and Nugraha, Jusak (2024) 2-((3-(Chloromethyl) benzoyloxy) benzoic Acid reduces prostaglandinE-2 concentration, NOX2 and NFK Bexpression, ROS production, and COX-2 expression in lipopolysaccharide-induced mice. Prostaglandins and Other Lipid Mediators, 174. ISSN 1908-8823
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Abstract
Introduction: Inflammation is a fundamental response to various insults, including microbial invasion and tissue injury. While aspirin (ASA) has been widely used for its anti-inflammatory properties, its adverse effects and limitations highlight the need for novel therapeutic alternatives. Recently, a novel salicylic acid derivative, 2-((3(chloromethyl)benzoyl)oxy) benzoic acid (3-CH2Cl), has emerged as a potential substitute for ASA, offering a simpler, environmentally friendly synthesis and a promising safety profile. Aim of the study: This research aims to evaluate the anti-inflammatory mechanism of 3-CH2Cl in a lipopolysaccharide charide(LPS)-inducedmousemodel, focus ingonits effects on prostaglandin E-2(PGE-2) concentration, NOX2 and NFkB expression, ROS production,andCOX-2expression. Materials and methods: Utilizing BALB/mice subjected to LPS-induced inflammation, we investigated the therapeutic potential of 3-CH2Cl. The study included synthesis and tablet preparation, experimental design, peripheral blood plasma PGE-2 measurement, splenocyte isolation, and COX-2 expression analysis, nitric oxide and ROS measurement, and immunohistochemical analysis of NOX2 and NFkB expression. Results: 3-CH2Cl significantly reduced PGE-2 levels (p=0.005), NO concentration in liver homogenates (p=0.005) and plasma(p=0.0011), and expression of NOX2 and NFkB in liver (p<0.0001) and splenocytes (p=0.0036), demonstrating superior anti-inflammatory activity compared to ASA. Additionally, it showed potential in decreasing COX-2 expression in splenocytes. Conclusion:3-CH2Cl exhibits potent anti-inflammatory properties, outperforming ASA in several key inflammatory markers in an LPS-induced inflammation model. The reduction of COX-2 expression, alongside the reduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress markers, suggest it a promising therapeutic agent for various inflammatory conditions.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Subjects: | Pharmacy > Pharmacist Professional Pharmacy |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Pharmacy |
| Depositing User: | Brilliant Dwi Putra |
| Date Deposited: | 27 Oct 2025 05:58 |
| Last Modified: | 27 Oct 2025 06:35 |
| URI: | https://repositori.ukwms.ac.id/id/eprint/44613 |
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